To maintain a population at its current level, the population’s TFR must be 2.1. A mother and father must each be replaced, and a certain number of additional births must occur to make up the shortfalls due to infant mortality and other casualties. The first chart shows changes in growth rate to a certain population from 1985 to 2025. The second chart shows the world’s total fertility rate. If the trend continues as shown, when is the total fertility rate likely to reach replacement level?
 

The following is an excerpt from a speech given by President Bill Clinton concerning Internet commerce on July 1, 1997.
“Because the Internet has such explosive potential for prosperity, it should be a global free trade zone. It should be a place where government makes every effort, first...not to stand in the way, to do no harm. We want to encourage the private sector to regulate itself as much as possible. We want to encourage all nations to refrain from imposing discriminatory taxes, tariffs, unnecessary regulations, cumbersome bureaucracies on electronic commerce. “

According to Clinton's speech, what is the role of government in Internet commerce?
 

Read the following quotation:
“A State is an aggregation of free human beings, bound together by common ties, some of which may be called natural, some artificial. The chief natural ties are community of [ethnicity], of language, of religion, of sentiment or historical association, and lastly of land, i.e., of the territory which the State occupies. The most important artificial ties are law, custom, executive government; these are common bonds which the people have gradually developed for themselves and are not, in the same degree as the natural ties, original factors in their cohesion. There are also other ties which do not exactly fall under either of these divisions, such as the common interests of commerce and of self-defense. Now it is obvious that a State, in order to deserve the name, need not be held together by all these ties at once. Very few, if any, States have realized them all. But every State must have what we call the artificial ties, in some tolerably obvious form; that is, every State must have at least some laws which bind the whole community, and a common government to enforce obedience to those laws. Without these the word State cannot be applied to it, but only some such vague expression as ‘nation,’ . . . or ‘people,’ words which in our language do not usually connote governmental cohesion. . . . Nor can any community be called a State which is not wholly independent of every other community.”
—William Warde Fowler, The City-State of the Ancient Greeks and Romans (1913)

Based on Fowler's definition, which of the following would constitute a State?
 

Read the following quotation:
“A State is an aggregation of free human beings, bound together by common ties, some of which may be called natural, some artificial. The chief natural ties are community of [ethnicity], of language, of religion, of sentiment or historical association, and lastly of land, i.e., of the territory which the State occupies. The most important artificial ties are law, custom, executive government; these are common bonds which the people have gradually developed for themselves and are not, in the same degree as the natural ties, original factors in their cohesion. There are also other ties which do not exactly fall under either of these divisions, such as the common interests of commerce and of self-defense. Now it is obvious that a State, in order to deserve the name, need not be held together by all these ties at once. Very few, if any, States have realized them all. But every State must have what we call the artificial ties, in some tolerably obvious form; that is, every State must have at least some laws which bind the whole community, and a common government to enforce obedience to those laws. Without these the word State cannot be applied to it, but only some such vague expression as ‘nation,’ . . . or ‘people,’ words which in our language do not usually connote governmental cohesion. . . . Nor can any community be called a State which is not wholly independent of every other community.”
—William Warde Fowler, The City-State of the Ancient Greeks and Romans (1913)

Fowler says that a State must have "community of [ethnicity], of language, of religion, of sentiment or historical association, and lastly of land" and that it includes "artificial ties" such as "law, custom, executive government." What aspects of the United States suggest Fowler should have written a broader definition of a State?
 

Consider the following information:
A Geographic Information System or GIS is a computer system that allows you to map, model, query, and analyze large quantities of data within a single database according to their location. GIS gives you the power to: • create maps • integrate information • visualize scenarios • present powerful ideas, and • develop effective solutions GIS is a tool used by individuals and organizations, schools, governments, and businesses seeking innovative ways to solve their problems. GIS stores information about the world as a collection of layers that can be linked together by a common locational component such as latitude and longitude, a postal zip code, census tract name, or road name. These geographic references allow you to locate features on the earth’s surface for analysis of patterns and trends. Dozens of map layers can be arrayed to display information about transportation networks, hydrography, population characteristics, economic activity, and political jurisdictions.”
—Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Atlantic Region

What kind of information would most likely be helpful to the Environmental Protection Agency?
 

Consider the following statements:

When prices rise, supply increases. When prices fall, supply decreases. When prices increase, demand falls. When prices fall, demand increases.

Which of the following is true?

What is is the smallest continent?

The following text is from a radio address given by President Franklin Roosevelt in 1933:
Two months ago we were facing serious problems. The country was dying by inches. It was dying because trade and commerce had declined to dangerously low levels; prices for basic commodities were such as to destroy the value of the assets of national institutions such as banks, saving banks, insurance companies, and others… The legislation which has been passed or is in the process of enactment can properly be considered as part of a well-grounded plan.
First, we are giving opportunity of employment to one-quarter of a million of the unemployed, especially the young men who have dependents, to go into the forestry and flood prevention work. This is a big task because it means feeding, clothing, and caring for nearly twice as many men as we have in the regular army itself. In creating this civilian conservation corps we are killing two birds with one stone. We are clearly enhancing the value of our natural resources and second, we are relieving an appreciable amount of actual distress.

According to the speech, Franklin Roosevelt combated the economic crisis by
 

Which events are correctly paired to show cause and effect?

This question refers to Article I, Section 7, of the U.S. Constitution.
“…Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law.”
The process outlined in this section of the Constitution is

The graph below shows data from the United States census.

Based on this data, which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following inferences can be made based on the timeline above?
 

Which of the following describes the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II?
 

This chart displays the proportion of males to females at different ages in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 2015.
What is the proportion of males to females in the PRC in 2015 for people under 25, as compared to world averages?
 

This map combines a satellite view with a standard map outline to show the state of New Hampshire.
Judging by the image, which border is likely to be mostly a natural one?
 

Consider the following chart:

Which type of migration is most likely to result in the creation of an ethnic community in the destination country?