The human retina is composed of cells called rods, which register black and white, and cells called cones, which register color. Electrical signals from the rods and the cones are sent to the front of the retina to capture light-wave information entering through the eye’s pupil. This information is then sent to the brain where it is interpreted and perceived as visual images.
What is the most likely explanation as to why dogs see the world only in black, white, and shades of gray?
Explanation
Cones are the only cell types in a retina that recognize color, and so the fact that dogs don’t see color is explained by the absence of any cones in their retinas.
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Through photosynthesis, a plant captures light energy from the Sun with various pigments, which absorb different wavelengths of light. The most significant and predominant of these pigments is chlorophyll a, which absorbs rather than reflects the blue and red light wavelengths of the color spectrum.