In the early 19th century, almost all peppered moths collected by biologists in the U.K. were pale and mottled. Only rarely was a collector able to find a dark-peppered moth. After the Industrial Revolution, when furnaces filled the air with dark soot, the light-peppered moth became rare and the dark-peppered moth was most common in industrial cities. A reasonable explanation for this change is that the dark moth was less likely to be seen and eaten by birds against the dark background. This explanation illustrates the principle of

Which chart depicts the evolutionary relationship between the hummingbirds and flowers described?
Certain types of red-colored flowers produce nectar that is chemically ideal as food for a hummingbird. The hummingbird can easily locate these flowers because it can see the color red especially well. The recurved petals of these flowers remain out of the hummingbird’s way while it extracts nectar with its long beak that is perfectly suited for the task. As it does so, the hummingbird’s head feathers brush against the flowers, collecting pollen that it carries away and disperses.